Taking an active role in your dog’s health can help them avoid some of the most common diseases affecting the canine community. Here are some of the most common dog diseases, how to spot symptoms early, seek timely treatment, and even prevent some problems entirely.
Parvovirus (Parvo)
Parvovirus, or parvo, is a severe and highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects puppies and unvaccinated dogs.
“Parvovirus is the world’s most common canine infectious disease,” explains Dr. Michael Hung, a resident at the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences. “This is a viral infection that is well-known for its contagiousness and severe damage to the intestines, particularly among puppies.” Parvo attacks the gastrointestinal system and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Symptoms:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea (often bloody)
- Fever
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Dehydration
Treatment:
Parvo requires immediate veterinary care. While there’s no cure for the virus itself, treatment focuses on managing symptoms with IV fluids, antibiotics to prevent secondary infections, and medications to control vomiting.
Prevention:
Vaccination is crucial. Puppies should receive their parvo vaccine as part of their initial immunization series. Keeping unvaccinated dogs away from areas frequented by other dogs can also reduce exposure. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, dogs over 16 weeks old without getting the vaccine should receive two doses 2-4 weeks apart. A booster dose is also recommended one year after the final dose.
Kennel Cough
Kennel cough, or canine infectious respiratory disease complex, is essentially a cold for dogs. It spreads quickly in places with lots of dogs, like kennels or dog parks.
Symptoms:
- A persistent dry cough that sounds like a honk
- Retching
- Nasal discharge
- Mild lethargy
Treatment:
Mild cases may resolve on their own, but veterinarians often prescribe antibiotics or cough suppressants to ease symptoms. Severe cases may require more aggressive treatments.
Prevention:
Vaccines for kennel cough are available and can significantly reduce the risk. They’re especially important for dogs in social environments. Good airflow and cleanliness in kennels can also prevent outbreaks.
Hip Dysplasia
Hip dysplasia is a genetic condition that affects a dog’s hip joints, leading to arthritis and mobility issues over time. A study from the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) found nearly 15% of dogs have hip dysplasia. Large breeds like German Shepherds, Labradors, and Great Danes are especially prone to this disorder.
Symptoms:
- Difficulty standing
- Reluctance to climb stairs or jump
- Limping
- Stiffness
Treatment:
While hip dysplasia can’t be cured, treatments include weight management, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, or surgery in severe cases.
Prevention:
Responsible breeding practices play a major role. For at-risk dogs, keeping them at a healthy weight and providing joint-supportive diets or supplements can help delay symptoms.
Heartworm Disease
Heartworm is a potentially fatal condition caused by parasitic worms that live in a dog’s heart and lungs. Mosquitoes spread this disease, making dogs of all ages and breeds susceptible.
Symptoms:
While early stages often show no symptoms, advanced symptoms can include
- Coughing
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Difficulty breathing
- A swollen abdomen.
Treatment:
Treating heartworm involves a combination of anti-parasitic medications and strict crate rest to minimize strain on the heart. Advanced cases are more complicated and riskier to treat.
Prevention:
Monthly heartworm preventatives, available as pills, topicals, or injections, are the best defense. Regular heartworm testing is also essential, especially in mosquito-prone areas.
Dental Disease
Common dental diseases, including gingivitis and periodontal disease, are some of the most common health issues in dogs, often going unnoticed until it causes severe discomfort.
Symptoms:
- Bad breath
- Swollen or bleeding gums
- Difficulty eating,
- Loose teeth
Treatment:
Professional dental cleaning under anesthesia is usually required to remove plaque and tartar. Severe cases might require tooth extraction.
Prevention:
Regular brushing with dog-specific toothpaste, dental chews, and routine professional cleanings help maintain good oral hygiene.
Skin Allergies
Skin allergies, caused by fleas, food, or environmental factors like pollen, are a frequent problem among dogs.
Symptoms:
- Constant scratching
- Licking
- Red or inflamed skin
- Hair loss
- Ear infections.
Treatment:
Treatment depends on the cause but may include antihistamines, special diets, or medicated shampoos. Severe allergies might require immunotherapy or steroids.
Prevention:
Use flea preventatives, maintain a balanced diet, and avoid known allergens. Regular grooming can also help you spot skin issues early.
Tips for Keeping Your Dog Healthy
- Weight: Control your dog’s weight with proper portion sizes and exercise to help prevent health problems associated with obesity, including diabetes, joint issues, and heart disease.
- Vaccinations: Stay up to date on vaccines to protect your dog from dangerous diseases like parvo, distemper, and rabies.
- Regular Vet Check-Ups: Annual or biannual check-ups can catch potential problems before they escalate.
- Proper Nutrition: Feed your dog a balanced diet tailored to their age, breed, and activity level.
- Flea and Tick Prevention: Use preventatives year-round to protect your dog from parasites that cause hemobartonellosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease, and more.
- Exercise and Mental Stimulation: Keep your dog physically fit and mentally sharp with regular activities.
Safe Doggie Daycare at K9 Resorts Luxury Pet Hotel
At K9 Resorts Luxury Pet Hotel, we require vaccinations for common conditions including rabies, parvo, and the flu to ensure your dog and others have a safe and happy time at our resorts. Vaccinations are one of the most important ways to protect your dog and their environment, especially in group play like daycare or boarding. We ensure our facilities are clean and sanitized to give you peace of mind and let your pup enjoy daycare carefree.
Our K9 Clean System includes:
- State-of-the-art air-filtration systems with UV technology to sanitize the air.
- Multiple fresh air changes per hour to prevent the spread of airborne contaminants and odor.
- Hospital grade disinfectants
- Antimicrobial surfaces with Microban built-in technology
- Synthetic turf, designed specifically for dogs that is easy to sanitize and keep clean.
Have questions about vaccinations or keeping your pup safe? Call your local resort or visit us online to get in touch with our team!